1. Low carbon steel properties

The product shown in the figure above is Angle steel, which is rolled out of low carbon steel and used in various building structures and engineering structures. In addition, low carbon steel can also be rolled into channel steel, I-steel, steel pipe, steel belt or steel plate, used in the production of various building components, containers, boxes, furnace bodies and agricultural machinery and tools. High quality low carbon steel rolled into thin sheet, the production of automobile cab, engine cover and other deep drawing products; Also rolled into bars, used to make strength requirements of mechanical parts. Low carbon steel coil (C:≤0.25%) also known as low carbon steel. Mild steel (MILD steel) is a carbon steel with carbon content less than 0.25%. It is also called mild steel because of its low strength, low hardness and softness. It includes most of the ordinary carbon structural steel and part of the high quality carbon structural steel, most of the engineering structural parts without heat treatment, and some of the carburizing and other heat treatment for wear-resistant mechanical parts.

2.Medium carbon steel properties

Above is 45# steel plate, which is medium carbon steel. It is mainly used to manufacture high strength moving parts, such as air compressor, piston of pump, impeller of steam turbine, rolling shaft, connecting rod, worm, rack, gear, pin, etc. Medium carbon steel plate properties (C: 0.25% < C≤0.6%) there are killed steel, semi-killed steel, boiling steel and other products.

In addition to carbon, medium carbon steel coil properties can also contain a small amount of manganese (0.70% ~ 1.20%). According to product quality, it is divided into ordinary carbon structural steel and high quality carbon structural steel.

Good hot working and cutting performance, poor welding performance. The strength and hardness are higher than low carbon steel, plasticity and toughness are lower than low carbon steel. Hot-rolled and cold-drawn materials can be used directly without heat treatment and can also be used after heat treatment. After quenching and tempering, medium carbon steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties.

3.High carbon steel properties

Carbon steel plate in the figure above belongs to high carbon steel, high carbon steel coil properties (C: & GT; It is often referred to as tool steel.

Carbon content between 0.60% ~ 1.70%, can be hardened tempering. Hammers, crowbars, etc. are made of 0.75% carbon steel plate; Cutting tools such as drills, taps, reamers, etc., are made of steel with 0.90% to 1.00% carbon content.

4.Comparison of welding properties between low carbon steel and high carbon steel

The chemical composition of steel is the main factor to determine the welding performance of steel. The most influential element is carbon, which means the amount of carbon in a metal determines its weldability. Most of the other alloying elements in steel are not conducive to welding, but the overall effect is much less than that of carbon.

Ordinary low carbon steel welding is good, generally without special process measures, only when the temperature is low, thick steel plate or higher requirements, it is necessary to carry out alkaline electrode welding, and appropriate preheating. In low carbon steel, when the carbon and sulfur content is high, in addition to requiring the use of high quality low hydrogen electrode, and take measures such as preheating and post-heating, but also a reasonable choice of groove form, reduce the fusion ratio, to prevent the occurrence of hot cracks.

Medium carbon steel has a tendency of cold crack during welding. The higher the carbon content, the greater the hardening tendency and cold cracking tendency of the heat affected zone, and the worse the weldability. With the increase of the carbon content of the base metal, the carbon content of the weld metal will increase accordingly. Under the adverse action of sulfur, the weld is easy to form hot cracks. Therefore, the welding of medium carbon steel should use alkaline electrode with good crack resistance, and take measures such as preheating and post-heating to reduce the tendency of crack.

In the welding of high carbon steel, due to its high carbon content, there will be a lot of welding stress during welding, and the hardening and cold cracking tendency in the heat affected zone of welding is large, and the weld is more likely to produce hot cracks. High carbon steel is more prone to thermal cracking than medium carbon steel during welding, so this steel has the worst weldability, so it is not used for general welding structure, only used for repair welding or surfacing of castings. After welding, the weldment should be tempered to eliminate stress, fix the structure, prevent cracks and improve welding performance.

5.Application of carbon steel with different properties

Low carbon steel (Wc 0.10% ~ 0.25%), if the parts require plasticity, toughness

Good, good welding performance, such as building structures, containers, etc., should choose low carbon steel; Medium carbon steel (Wc 0.25% ~ 0.60), if the parts require good strength, plasticity, toughness, with comprehensive mechanical properties, such as shaft parts, should choose medium carbon steel; High carbon steel (Wc 0.60% ~ 1.30%), if the parts require high strength and hardness, good wear resistance, such as tools, should choose high carbon steel.

6.Carbon steel properties

(1)Carbon properties of carbon steel

Low carbon steel is also a kind of steel, but the carbon content is less; According to the carbon content, carbon steel can be divided into low carbon steel (WC ≤ 0.25%), medium carbon steel (WC0.25% - 0.6%) and high carbon steel (WC> 0.6%).

(2)Chemical properties of carbon steel

Steel with carbon content less than 1.35%, free of alloying elements except iron, carbon and impurities such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur within limits. The properties of carbon steel mainly depend on the carbon content. With the increase of carbon content, the strength and hardness of steel increase, while the plasticity, toughness and weldability decrease. Compared with other kinds of steel, carbon steel is the earliest to use, low cost, wide range of performance, the largest amount. Suitable for water, steam, air, hydrogen, ammonia, nitrogen and petroleum products with nominal pressure PN≤32.0MPa and temperature -30-425℃. Commonly used grades are WC1, WCB, ZG25 and high quality steel 20, 25, 30 and low alloy structural steel 16Mn

Steel can be regarded as an alloy with C, Si, Mn, P, S and other elements added to iron, in which C does not exceed 0.3%, Si does not exceed 0.4%, Mn does not exceed 0.8%, P does not exceed 0.1%, S does not exceed 0.1%, and other alloying elements do not exceed 0.8%, the rest are iron, iron content is greater than 97.5%

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(3)Mechanical properties of carbon steel

We mechanical carbon steel generally refers to ordinary carbon structural steel, that is, commonly used, other like 45#, 40Cr and other high quality carbon structural steel we are directly called, rarely with carbon steel to call, there is T8, T10 and other carbon tool steel is generally used to do the file, die...... We also called T10 carbon steel, so generally speaking carbon steel is Q195, Q215, Q235 and Q255 these four types of carbon steel as long as the factory meets the yield strength requirements of the inside material content is not required, for the four carbon steel in general, the higher the carbon content, the higher the strength, the greater the hardness, extension rate and toughness are smaller!

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