24 kinds of common steel materials and their properties!
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Different types of steel have their own unique properties and characteristics. It is widely used in the economic field. We have sorted out 24 common steel properties and applications for everyone to learn.
1. 45 carbon structural steel properties - high quality carbon structural steel, which is the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel
Main features: the most commonly used medium carbon quenched and tempered steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low hardenability and easy to crack during water quenching. Small parts should be quenched and tempered, and large parts should be normalized. Application example: it is mainly used to manufacture moving parts with high strength, such as turbine impeller and compressor piston. Shaft, gear, rack, worm, etc. Pay attention to preheating before welding and stress relief annealing after welding.
2. Q235A (A3 steel) carbon structural steel properties - the most commonly used carbon structural steel
Main features: high plasticity, toughness, welding performance, cold stamping performance, certain strength and good cold bending performance. Application example: widely used in parts and welded structures with general requirements. Such as tie rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, ferrule, support, base, building structure, bridge, etc.
3. 40Cr gold structural steel properties - one of the most widely used steels, belonging to alloy structural steel
Main features: after quenching and tempering treatment, 40Cr gold structural steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, high fatigue strength can be obtained when oil is cold, parts with complex shapes are easy to crack when water is cooled, medium cold bending plasticity, good machinability after tempering or quenching and tempering, but poor weldability and easy to crack. It should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 ℃ before welding, It is generally used in the quenched and tempered state. It can also be carbonitriding and high-frequency surface quenching. Application examples: after quenching and tempering treatment, it is used to manufacture medium speed and medium load parts, such as machine tool gear, shaft, worm, spline shaft, thimble sleeve, etc.; after quenching and tempering and high-frequency surface quenching, it is used to manufacture parts with high surface hardness and wear resistance, such as gear, shaft, spindle, crankshaft, mandrel, sleeve, pin, connecting rod, screw nut, inlet valve, etc.; after quenching and medium temperature tempering, it is used to manufacture heavy-duty and medium speed impact parts, such as oil pump rotor Sliding blocks, gears, spindles, collars, etc. are used to manufacture heavy-duty, low impact and wear-resistant parts after quenching and low-temperature tempering, such as worms, spindles, shafts, collars, etc. after carbonitriding, transmission parts with large size and high low-temperature impact toughness, such as shafts, gears, etc.
4. HT150 gray cast iron properties - gray cast iron
Application examples: gear box, machine bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, pulley, bearing cover, etc.
5. 35 steel properties - common materials for various standard parts and fasteners
Main features: 35 steel has appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity and acceptable weldability. Local upsetting and wire drawing can be carried out in cold state. Low hardenability, use after normalizing or quenching and tempering application example: suitable for manufacturing small section parts, parts that can bear large load: such as crankshaft, lever, connecting rod, shackle, etc., various standard parts and fasteners.
6. 65Mn steel properties - common spring steel
Application examples: various flat and round springs, cushion springs and spring springs in small sizes. They can also be made into spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold coil springs, snap springs, etc.
7. 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel properties - the most commonly used stainless steel (American steel 304, Japanese steel SUS304)
Characteristics and application: as stainless and heat-resistant steel, it is most widely used, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment and original industrial equipment.
8. Cr12 Steel properties - common cold working die steel (American steel D3, Japanese steel skd1)
Characteristics and application: Cr12 Steel is a widely used cold working die steel, which belongs to ledeburite steel with high carbon and high chromium. The steel has good hardenability and wear resistance; Because the carbon content of Cr12 Steel is as high as 2.3%, it has poor impact toughness, easy embrittlement and easy to form uneven eutectic carbides; Because Cr12 Steel has good wear resistance, it is mostly used to manufacture cold stamping dies, punches, blanking dies, cold upsetting dies, punches and concave dies of cold extrusion dies, drill sleeves, gauges, wire drawing dies, stamping dies, wire rubbing plates, drawing dies and cold stamping dies for powder metallurgy with low impact load.
9. DC53 steel properties -- commonly used cold working die steel imported from Japan
Characteristics and application: high strength and toughness cold working die steel, steel grade of Datong special steel (strain) manufacturer in Japan. After high temperature tempering, it has high hardness, high toughness and good wire cutting performance. For precision cold stamping die, drawing die, thread rolling die, cold blanking die, punch, etc. 10. Sm45 - ordinary carbon plastic die steel (Japanese steel No. S45C)
10. Dccr12mov chromium steel properties - wear resistant chromium steel
Compared with Cr12 Steel, the carbon content of domestic steel is lower, and the non-uniformity of carbide is improved by adding Mo and V. Mo can reduce carbide segregation and improve hardenability, V can refine grain and increase toughness This steel has high hardenability. The section can be completely quenched below 400mm. It can still maintain good hardness and wear resistance at 300 ~ 400 ℃, has higher toughness than Cr12, small volume change during quenching, high wear resistance and good comprehensive mechanical properties Therefore, various molds with large section, complex shape and large impact can be manufactured, such as ordinary drawing die, punching die, blanking die, trimming die, edging die, wire drawing die, cold extrusion die, cold cutting scissors, circular saw, standard tools, measuring tools, etc.
11. SKD11 chromium steel properties - ductile chromium steel
Hitachi type production in Japan Technically, the casting structure in the steel is improved and the grain is refined Compared with Cr12MoV, the toughness and wear resistance are improved The service life of the die is prolonged
12. D2 steel properties - high carbon and high chromium cold working steel
Made in the United States It has high hardenability, hardenability, wear resistance, good high-temperature oxidation resistance, good corrosion resistance after quenching and polishing, and small heat treatment deformation. It is suitable to manufacture all kinds of cold working molds, cutting tools and measuring tools requiring high precision and long life, such as drawing die, cold extrusion die, cold shear knife, etc.
13. SKD11 (SLD) high chromium steel properties - non deformation toughness high chromium steel
Hitachi type production in Japan Due to the increase of Mo and V content in the steel, the casting structure in the steel is improved, the grain is refined, and the carbide morphology is improved. Therefore, the strength and toughness (bending strength, deflection, impact toughness, etc.) of this steel is higher than skd1 and D2, the wear resistance is also increased, and the reburning resistance is higher The practice shows that the service life of this steel die is higher than that of Cr12MoV Often manufacture high demand molds, such as drawing die, die for impacting grinding wheel, etc.
14. DC53 steel properties - high toughness and high chromium steel
Datong type production in Japan The hardness of heat treatment is higher than SKD11 After tempering at high temperature (520-530), it can reach 62-63hrc high hardness, and DC53 exceeds SKD11 in strength and wear resistance The toughness is twice that of SKD11 The toughness of DC53 is rarely cracked and cracked in cold working die manufacturing The service life is greatly improved The residual stress is small Reduce residual stress by turning back at high temperature Because the crack and deformation after wire cutting are restrained Machinability and abrasiveness exceed SKD11 Used for precision stamping die, cold forging, deep drawing die, etc
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15. Skh-9 steel properties - general high speed steel with high wear resistance and toughness
Hitachi type production in Japan For cold forging die, Slitter, drill bit, reamer, punch, etc.
16. Asp-23 steel properties - powder metallurgy high speed steel
Made in Sweden Carbide distribution is very uniform, wear resistance, high toughness, easy to process, heat treatment size stability It is used for punch, deep drawing die, drilling die, milling cutter, shear blade and other long-life cutting tools.
17. P20 steel properties - General requirements for large and small plastic molds
Made in the United States It can be operated by electric erosion Factory pre hardened hb270-300 Quenching hardness hrc52.
18. 718 steel properties - high requirements for large and small plastic molds
Made in Sweden In particular, electric erosion operation Factory pre hardening hb290-330 Quenching hardness hrc52
19. NAK80 steel properties - high mirror, high precision plastic mold
Datong, Japan Factory pre hardened hb370-400 Quenching hardness hrc52
20. S136 steel properties - anti-corrosion and mirror polishing plastic mold
Made in Sweden Pre hardening Hb in ex factory state ＜ 215 Quenching hardness hrc52.
21. H13 steel - common die casting die
Used for die casting of aluminum, zinc, magnesium and alloys Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,
22. SKD61 steel - advanced die casting die
The service life of the product produced by Hitachi in Japan is significantly longer than that of H13 by electroslag remelting technology Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die,
23. 8407 steel - advanced die casting die
Made in Sweden Hot stamping die, aluminum extrusion die.
24. Fdac steel properties - sulfur is added to strengthen its chippability
The factory pre hardening hardness is 338-42 HRC, which can be carved directly without quenching and tempering For small batch mold, simple mold, all kinds of resin products, sliding parts, mold parts with short delivery time Zipper mold, glasses frame mold.
